CLIMATE & CONSERVATION
Dorfleitner, G., Muck, F., & Scheckenbach, I. (2021). Blockchain applications for climate protection: A global empirical investigation. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 149(June), 111378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111378
Howson, P. (2020). Building trust and equity in marine conservation and fisheries supply chain management with blockchain. Marine Policy, 115, 103873. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MARPOL.2020.103873
Howson, P. (2020). Climate Crises and Crypto-Colonialism: Conjuring Value on the Blockchain Frontiers of the Global South. Frontiers in Blockchain, 3(May). https://doi.org/10.3389/fbloc.2020.00022
Campbell-Verduyn, M. (2021). Conjuring a Cooler World? Blockchains, Imaginaries and the Legitimacy of Climate Governance. Global Cooperation Research Papers, 28. https://doi.org/doi:10.14282/2198-0411-GCRP-28
Howson, P., Oakes, S., Baynham-Herd, Z., & Swords, J. (2019). Cryptocarbon: The promises and pitfalls of forest protection on a blockchain. Geoforum, 100(February 2019), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.02.011
Howson, P. (2021). Distributed degrowth technology: Challenges for blockchain beyond the green economy. Ecological Economics, 184(June 2020), 107020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2021.107020
Hull, J., Gupta, A., & Kloppenburg, S. (2021). Interrogating the promises and perils of climate cryptogovernance: Blockchain discourses in international climate politics. Earth System Governance, 9, 100117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esg.2021.100117
Schulz, K., & Feist, M. (2020). Leveraging Blockchain Technology for Innovative Climate Finance under the Green Climate Fund. SSRN Electronic Journal, 7, 100084. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3663176
Howson, P., & de Vries, A. (2022). Preying on the poor? Opportunities and challenges for tackling the social and environmental threats of cryptocurrencies for vulnerable and low-income communities. Energy Research and Social Science, 84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.102394
Greenberg, P., & Bugden, D. (2019). Energy consumption boomtowns in the United States: Community responses to a cryptocurrency boom. Energy Research and Social Science, 50(December 2018), 162–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2018.12.005
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ELECTRICITY & MINING
Okorie, D. I. (2021). A network analysis of electricity demand and the cryptocurrency markets. International Journal of Finance and Economics, 26(2), 3093–3108. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.1952
Vries, A. De. (2020). Bitcoin’s energy consumption is underestimated : A market dynamics approach. Energy Research & Social Science, 70(July), 101721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101721
Scharnowski, S., & Shi, Y. (2021). Bitcoin Blackout: Proof-of-Work and the Centralization of Mining. In SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3936787
Li, J., Li, N., Peng, J., Cui, H., & Wu, Z. (2019). Energy consumption of cryptocurrency mining: A study of electricity consumption in mining cryptocurrencies. Energy, 168, 160–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.11.046
Amenta, C., Riva Sanseverino, E., & Stagnaro, C. (2021). Regulating blockchain for sustainability? The critical relationship between digital innovation, regulation, and electricity governance. Energy Research & Social Science, 76, 102060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.102060
Dindar, B., & Gül, Ö. (2021). The detection of illicit cryptocurrency mining farms with innovative approaches for the prevention of electricity theft. Energy & Environment, April, 0958305X211045066. https://doi.org/10.1177/0958305x211045066
Benetton, M., Compiani, G., & Morse, A. (2021). When Cryptomining Comes to Town: High Electricity-Use Spillovers to the Local Economy. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3779720
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DISTRIBUTED GRIDS
Teng, F., Zhang, Q., Wang, G., Liu, J., & Li, H. (2021). A comprehensive review of energy blockchain: Application scenarios and development trends. International Journal of Energy Research, 45(12), 17515–17531. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.7109
Yildizbasi, A. (2021). Blockchain and renewable energy: Integration challenges in circular economy era. Renewable Energy, 176, 183–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.05.053
Brilliantova, V., & Thurner, T. W. (2019). Blockchain and the future of energy. Technology in Society, 57, 38–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2018.11.001
Teufel, B., Sentic, A., & Barmet, M. (2019). Blockchain energy: Blockchain in future energy systems. Journal of Electronic Science and Technology, 17(4), 100011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnlest.2020.100011
Petri, I., Barati, M., Rezgui, Y., & Rana, O. F. (2020). Blockchain for energy sharing and trading in distributed prosumer communities. Computers in Industry, 123, 103282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2020.103282
Mollah, M. B., Zhao, J., Niyato, D., Lam, K. Y., Zhang, X., Ghias, A. M. Y. M., Koh, L. H., & Yang, L. (2021). Blockchain for Future Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Survey. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 8(1), 18–43. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2020.2993601
Miglani, A., Kumar, N., Chamola, V., & Zeadally, S. (2020). Blockchain for Internet of Energy management: Review, solutions, and challenges. Computer Communications, 151, 395–418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2020.01.014
Yapa, C., de Alwis, C., & Liyanage, M. (2021). Can Blockchain Strengthen the Energy Internet? Network, 1(2), 95–115. https://doi.org/10.3390/network1020007
Valdivia, A. D., & Balcell, M. P. (2022). Connecting the grids: A review of blockchain governance in distributed energy transitions. Energy Research and Social Science, 84, 102383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.102383
Schneiders, A., & Shipworth, D. (2021). Community Energy Groups: Can They Shield Consumers from the Risks of Using Blockchain for Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading? Energies, 14(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/en14123569
Ahl, A., Yarime, M., Tanaka, K., & Sagawa, D. (2019). Review of blockchain-based distributed energy: Implications for institutional development. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 107, 200–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.03.002
Zhu, S., Song, M., Lim, M. K., Wang, J., & Zhao, J. (2020). The development of energy blockchain and its implications for China’s energy sector. Resources Policy, 66, 101595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2020.101595
Buth, M. C. (Annemarie), Wieczorek, A. J. (Anna), & Verbong, G. P. J. (Geert). (2019). The promise of peer-to-peer trading? The potential impact of blockchain on the actor configuration in the Dutch electricity system. Energy Research & Social Science, 53, 194–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2019.02.021
Ante, L. (2020). Smart Contracts on the Blockchain – A Bibliometric Analysis and Review. SSRN Electronic Journal, 10, 1–48. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3576393
Zannini, A. (2020). Blockchain technology as the digital enabler to scale up renewable energy communities and cooperatives in Spain [Master thesis]. https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/397830
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EMISSIONS
Gallersdörfer, U., Klaaßen, L., & Stoll, C. (2021). Accounting for carbon emissions caused by cryptocurrency and token systems. https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.06477
Küfeoğlu, S., & Özkuran, M. (2019). Bitcoin mining: A global review of energy and power demand. Energy Research and Social Science, 58, 101273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2019.101273
Qin, S., Klaaßen, L., Gallersdörfer, U., Stoll, C., & Zhang, D. (2020). Bitcoin’s future carbon footprint. http://arxiv.org/abs/2011.02612
de Vries, A. (2018). Bitcoin’s Growing Energy Problem. Joule, 2(5), 801–805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.016
de Vries, A., & Stoll, C. (2021). Bitcoin’s growing e-waste problem. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 175(September), 105901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105901
Náñez Alonso, S. L., Jorge‐vázquez, J., Echarte Fernández, M. Á., & Reier Forradellas, R. F. (2021). Cryptocurrency mining from an economic and environmental perspective. Analysis of the most and least sustainable countries. Energies, 14(14). https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144254
Goodkind, A. L., Jones, B. A., & Berrens, R. P. (2020). Cryptodamages: Monetary value estimates of the air pollution and human health impacts of cryptocurrency mining. Energy Research and Social Science, 59(March 2019), 101281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2019.101281
Truby, J. (2018). Decarbonizing Bitcoin: Law and policy choices for reducing the energy consumption of Blockchain technologies and digital currencies. Energy Research and Social Science, 44(June), 399–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2018.06.009
Koomey, J., & Masanet, E. (2021). Does not compute: Avoiding pitfalls assessing the Internet’s energy and carbon impacts. Joule, 5(7), 1625–1628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2021.05.007
Sedlmeir, J., Buhl, H. U., Fridgen, G., & Keller, R. (2020). Ein Blick auf aktuelle Entwicklungen bei Blockchains und deren Auswirkungen auf den Energieverbrauch. Informatik-Spektrum, 43(6), 391–404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00287-020-01321-z
Gallersdörfer, U., Klaaßen, L., Stoll, C., Gallersdo, U., Klaaßen, L., Stoll, C., & Gallersdo, U. (2020). Energy Consumption of Cryptocurrencies Beyond Bitcoin. Joule, 4(2018), 2018–2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2020.07.013
Li, J., Li, N., Peng, J., Cui, H., & Wu, Z. (2019). Energy consumption of cryptocurrency mining: A study of electricity consumption in mining cryptocurrencies. Energy, 168, 160–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.11.046
Platt, M., Sedlmeir, J., Platt, D., Xu, J., Tasca, P., Vadgama, N., & Ibanez, J. I. (2021). Energy Footprint of Blockchain Consensus Mechanisms Beyond Proof-of-Work. https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.03667
McDonald, K. (2021). Ethereum Emissions: A Bottom-up Estimate. http://arxiv.org/abs/2112.01238
Howson, P. (2019). Tackling climate change with blockchain. Nature Climate Change, 9(9), 644–645. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0567-9
Stoll, C., Klaaßen, L., & Gallersdörfer, U. (2019). The Carbon Footprint of Bitcoin. Joule, 3(7), 1647–1661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2019.05.012
Yan, L., Mirza, N., & Umar, M. (2021). The cryptocurrency uncertainties and investment transitions: Evidence from high and low carbon energy funds in China. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 121326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121326
Zhu, S., Song, M., Lim, M. K., Wang, J., & Zhao, J. (2020). The development of energy blockchain and its implications for China’s energy sector. Resources Policy, 66, 101595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2020.101595
Badea, L., & Mungiu-Pupazan, M. C. (2021). The Economic and Environmental Impact of Bitcoin. IEEE Access, 9, 48091–48104. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3068636
Huston, J. (2020). The Energy Consumption of Bitcoin Mining and Potential for Regulation. George Washington Journal of Energy and Environmental Law, 11(1), 32–41. https://heinonline.org/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/gwjeel11§ion=6
Sedlmeir, J., Ulrich, H., Gilbert, B., & Keller, R. (2020). The Energy Consumption of Blockchain Technology : Beyond Myth. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 62(6), 599–608. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-020-00656-x
Schinckus, C. (2020). The good, the bad and the ugly: An overview of the sustainability of blockchain technology. Energy Research and Social Science, 69(May), 101614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101614
Bogensperger, A., Zeiselmair, A., Hinterstocker, M., Dossow, P., Hilpert, J., Wimmer, M., von Gneisenau, C., Klausmann, N., Strüker, J., Urbach, N., Schellinger, B., Sedlmeir, J., & Völter, F. (2021). Welche Zukunft hat die Blockchain-Technologie in der Energiewirtschaft? https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/237670